There are quite a few types of testicular and scrotal conditions. Testicular cancer is likely the most well-known condition, but there are many other benign conditions of the testes and scrotum that range from minor to life-threatening.To get more news about epididymitis and scrotal pain, you can visit our official website.

Epididymitis
Epididymitis is inflammation or infection of the epididymis, which is the long tube that rests along the testicles. Epididymitis can be caused by sexually transmitted diseases, injury, a side effect from a vasectomy, and other problems. The symptoms of epididymitis may include pain (from mild to severe), swelling of the testicles or scrotum, nausea and vomiting, and fever.

Hydrocele
Hydrocele is a buildup of fluid around the testicles. It can affect one or both testicles, and it can cause swelling in the scrotum and groin area. Hydrocele is not usually painful or harmful, and it may not need treatment. However, any swelling in the scrotum should be evaluated by a doctor. Once in a while, hydrocele can cause symptoms other than swelling, such as mild pain, tenderness, or redness of the scrotum. Hydrocele most often occurs in infants who have an opening between the abdomen and the scrotum, but sometimes they occur later in life. When men have hydrocele, it is usually caused by injury, inflammation, infection of the testicles, or epididymitis.

Testicular torsion
Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord gets twisted and cuts off blood supply to the testicle. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate treatment in order to save the testicle. Although surgery doesn't guarantee that the testicle will be saved, not having treatment within six hours almost always results in permanent damage that requires testicle removal. Symptoms of testicular torsion include sudden onset of severe pain in the testicle that may be accompanied by swelling and tenderness of the testicles and scrotum, fever, and nausea and vomiting, among other symptoms.

Varicocele
A varicocele is enlarged or dilated veins in the scrotum. It is normally a painless and harmless condition; however, it can cause low sperm production and reduced sperm quality that can lead to male infertility. Sometimes, varicocele can produce symptoms, such as pain and swelling. Although most varicoceles don't need to be treated, some will need to be corrected with surgery.

Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism is a condition that results when the testicles don't produce enough of the hormone testosterone. A lack of testosterone in men can cause problems like erectile dysfunction, reduced sex drive, infertility, osteoporosis, increased breast tissue, decreased body and beard hair, depression, fatigue, and hot flashes. It can often be treated with testosterone replacement therapy. If there is an underlying cause of hypogonadism, such a pituitary condition, treating that problem may resolve the symptoms of hypogonadism.

Orchitis
Orchitis is inflammation of one or both testicles. Most of the time, it is caused by bacterial or viral infection. The mumps is a common cause of orchitis. Sexually transmitted infections, such as gonorrhea and chlamydia, can both lead to orchitis when they cause epididymitis (an infection of the epididymis), which in turn can lead to orchitis. This type of orchitis is called epididymo-orchitis. Signs and symptoms of orchitis include testicular and scrotal pain and tenderness and infertility. Most of the time, it can be treated with medication and home remedies.

Spermatocele
Spermatocele, otherwise known as spermatic cyst, is a fluid filled cyst that forms in the epididymis. Small cysts do not normally cause pain. Large cysts can cause pain or a heavy feeling in the affected testicle and swelling above and behind the testicle. If you have a large spermatocele and have pain or other symptoms, surgery may be an option.

Testicular pain
Many testicular and scrotal conditions can cause testicular pain. Other conditions, like kidney and ureteral stones, infections, and inguinal hernias can also cause pain that can be felt in or around the testicles and scrotum. If you have testicular pain, you should contact your doctor right away. And if you experience a sudden onset of testicular pain, you should seek emergency medical care to rule out serious conditions like testicular torsion.

Testicular swelling
Most conditions of the scrotum and testicles can cause swelling, including varicocele, testicular torsion, orchitis, epididymitis and hydrocele, to name a few. If you notice any swelling of your testicles or scrotum, contact your doctor to make an appointment.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is most often caused by Escherichia coli or other gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae, and typically affects men 36 to 50 years of age. After an episode of acute bacterial prostatitis, approximately 5% of patients may progress to CBP. [1] Patients may present with a history of relapsing urinary tract infections (UTIs), which may be episodic or persistent. The UTIs are typically not associated with systemic signs of infection. Other irritative or obstructive urologic symptoms may also be present. (See Presentation).To get more news about Chronic prostatitis causes, you can visit our official website.

Analysis of urine specimens and prostatic fluid is used to confirm the diagnosis (see Workup). The main diagnostic criterion for CBP is positive bacterial cultures of prostatic fluidThe prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system, and it is a walnut-sized gland found in men that is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It surrounds the urethra, the tube through which urine and semen exit the body. Its main function is to produce seminal fluid in order to transport sperm through the urethra.

The symptoms associated with prostatitis can vary depending on the underlying cause of prostatitis. The symptoms may appear slowly or come on quickly, and they may improve rapidly (depending on the cause and treatment available) or they may last for several months and they can keep recurring (chronic prostatitis). The rapidity and severity of onset is usually most pronounced with acute bacterial prostatitis. The following are signs and symptoms that may be present with prostatitis:

If you have any of the signs or symptoms consistent with prostatitis, you should see your health care professional for further evaluation. Depending on the symptoms and your response to therapy, your doctor may need to refer you to a urologist (a physician specializing in the genitourinary system).

Prostatitis can be caused by bacteria that leak into the prostate gland from the urinary tract (the most common bacterial cause) and from direct extension or lymphatic spread from the rectum. It can also result from various sexually transmitted organisms such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, or HIV. Other organisms responsible for infection are the same found most frequently in urinary tract infections, such as Escherichia coli. In many instances (especially in the chronic form of prostatitis), no specific cause of prostatitis can be found.

Prostatitis is usually diagnosed by analyzing a urine sample and undergoing an examination of your prostate gland by your health care practitioner. This examination involves a digital rectal examination to palpate the prostate gland and feel for abnormalities of the gland. Occasionally, the physician may also collect and test a sample of the prostatic fluid.

Sometimes a prostate massage is performed to compare samples of the prostatic fluid both before and after this intervention has been performed. To perform this procedure, the doctor will stroke/massage the prostate gland during the digital rectal examination. Because there is the concern that this procedure can release bacteria into the bloodstream, this test is contraindicated in cases of acute bacterial prostatitis.

Additional tests that may be obtained include a complete blood count (CBC), an electrolyte panel, blood cultures, a swab of urethral discharge if present, and sometimes a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. The PSA test, which is used as a screening test for prostate cancer, may also be elevated with prostatitis.

Other tests that may also be obtained include urodynamic tests (to check how well you empty your bladder and establish if prostatitis is affecting your ability to urinate), ultrasound imaging, computed tomography (CT) imaging, cystoscopy, and a prostate biopsy.

If recurring episodes of urinary tract infections and prostatitis occur, see your doctor for a more detailed evaluation of your genitourinary system for anatomic abnormalities, which may make you more prone to infections.Treatment for prostatitis depends on the underlying cause and type of prostatitis. Antibiotics are prescribed if the cause is a bacterial infection. All forms of prostatitis require pain control if needed, treatment, relief of complications and side effects, and need to be closely monitored by your doctor. In certain instances, some people with prostatitis may need to be hospitalized for treatment.