The concept of a solid catalyst coated with a thin ionic liquid layer (SCILL) was applied to the stereoselective hydrogenation of α-pinene. Nickel, a non-noble metal, was supported on a discarded fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (DF3C) and then modified with different loadings of the ionic liquid 1-ethanol-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C2OHmim][BF4]). The resulting catalysts showed a range of conversions and selectivities for the hydrogenation of α-pinene. The SCILL catalysts afforded cis-pinane with high selectivity and their activity depended on the ionic liquid loading. For an ionic liquid loading of 10 wt%, although the catalytic activity was suppressed, the selectivity and conversion could reach above 98% and 99%, respectively. In addition, the catalyst remained stable after 13 runs and the activity was almost unchanged with the conversion maintained at approximately 99%. Thus, the ionic liquid layer not only improved the selectivity for cis-pinane but also protected the active site of the catalyst and prolonged the service lifetime of the catalyst. The SCILL catalytic system provides an example of an ionic liquid catalytic system which eliminates organic solvents from the catalytic process.Get more news about cis pinane,you can vist our website!

As a natural, green, and renewable product, α-pinene has drawn great interest for applications in the pharmaceutical, bioenergy, fine chemistry, and flavouring industries.1 There are two kinds of hydrogenation products of α-pinene, namely, cis-pinane and trans-pinane, and among these two products, cis-pinane is more desirable since the content of cis-pinane in raw materials should be greater than 90% to reduce by-products and simplify post-treatments. There is a need to design and identify more effective catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of α-pinene to improve the yield of cis-pinane. To date, various studies have focused on hydrogenation of α-pinene, including a report by Hou et al. on Ru nanoparticles in aqueous micellar microreactors as catalysts with a high selectivity for cis-pinane under mild conditions.2 Milewska et al. studied biphasic hydrogenation of α-pinene over Pd/C under a high pressure of carbon dioxide.3 Deliy et al. reported that hydrogenation and isomerization of pinenes occur simultaneously on Ru/C, Rh/C, Pt/C, and Ir/C catalysts.4 Selka et al. achieved excellent catalytic activity and selectivity based on their studies into hydrogenation of α-pinene over Pd-based catalysts on different supports; however, the reusability of these catalysts was poor.1 Simakova et al. investigated the hydrogenation of α-pinene over 4 wt% palladium on carbon (Pd/C) as a catalyst with n-octane as a solvent.5 Tanielyan et al. used ethanol as solvent in their studies of pinene hydrogenation over anchored Wilkinson catalyst.6 However, noble metal catalysts and organic solvents are expensive, environmentally unfriendly, and the lack of reusability of these catalysts poses major challenges.
Discarded fluid catalytic cracking catalyst (DF3C) is a kind of industrial waste product from petroleum refining processes. DF3C contains heavy metals such as iron, nickel, and vanadium, which were contained in the heavy oil subjected to the reactions. A large amount of DF3C is produced every year, the majority of which is sent to landfill, risking environmental pollution, from heavy metals seeping into groundwater.7 Recently, attention has been paid to recovering DF3C, and it has been applied as a catalyst for cracking of waste plastics,8 a source of heavy metals,7 and rare earth elements.11,12 DF3C is mainly composed of Al2O3, SiO2, and residual nickel, with a rich pore structure and large specific surface area; hence, DF3C might act as an effective active metal carrier.

Linalool, known for its pleasant aromatic characteristics, is widely popular in the F&F market and is one of the highly traded monoterpenoid fragrances. It is also an important raw material for the synthesis of vitamin A and vitamin E. Synthetic-grade Linalool is favored by the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries compared to natural Linalool.Get more news about cis pinane,you can vist our website!

Over the years, there have been two main synthetic schemes for the production of synthetic Linalool: A) Using petrochemical raw materials and the other using turpentine raw materials. In the early petrochemical route, acetylene and acetone were reacted in the presence of alkaline catalysts to produce Methyl heptenone through a series of catalytic reactions. Methyl hepten could be alkynylated by acetylene to obtain an alkyne alcohol intermediate, which was then hydrogenated to yield Linalool. In the mid-term petrochemical route, Isobutene was condensed with formaldehyde under high pressure to form methyl heptenone, which prepared to obtain Dehydrolinalool, and then hydrogenated again to produce Linalool. Alternatively, Isoprene could be catalytically condensed with acetone to form methyl heptenone, which was finally converted to Linalool.

B) The early route of turpentine production involved the thermal cracking of β-Pinene at high temperatures to convert it into Myrcene, which was then hydrolyzed with hydrogen chloride to obtain Linalool. This route had a high yield and was relatively simple, making the largest-scale industrial method for synthesizing Linalool in the world. Another synthesis route using Pinane hydroperoxides emerged as a new alternative. In this scheme, pinene was used as the raw material and underwent catalytic hydrogenation to produce cis-Pinane (When cis and trans isomer are expressed simultaneously it is called 2-Pinane), which is more prone to oxidation reactions (Brose Thomas, 1992)2. The cis-Pinane was oxidized to form Pinane hydroperoxides, which were then reduced to cis-Pinanol and finally subjected to high-temperature cracking to obtain Linalool. The challenge in this scheme in controlling the pyrolysis conditions of cis/trans-Pinanol during the cracking reaction, which can affect the final by-products and yield. Structurally, Pinane hydroperoxides belong to the class of Tertiary alkyl hydroperoxides and exhibit stability in the presence of alkaline catalysts. Pinane hydroperoxides can be catalytically converted to Pinanol in an alkaline sodium sulfide solution or in the presence of alkaline catalysts.

cis-Pinane is a bicyclic organic compound and a terpene derivative. This compound has been widely recognized for its unique properties and extensive applications in various fields.Get more news about cis pinane,you can vist our website!

One of the most notable characteristics of cis-Pinane is its chemical stability. It exhibits excellent resistance to heat, with a boiling point of 167.2°C. This makes it suitable for use in various industrial applications that require high-temperature operations.

cis-Pinane is an important intermediate in the synthesis of spice. It can synthesize a variety of fine chemicals by oxidation, reduction, and pyrolysis reaction, such as linalool, dihydromyrcene, linalyl acetate, and other important spices.

Furthermore, cis-Pinane is usually applied in medicine, materials, and perfume owing to the high activity of its C2-H bond. It is prepared by selective hydrogenation of α-pinene.

In conclusion, cis-Pinane offers a unique combination of chemical stability and versatility. Its wide range of applications in the industrial sector underscores its value. As research continues to uncover more about this compound, we can expect to see even more innovative uses for cis-Pinane in the future.

Cis-pinane is a fascinating organic compound with a chemical structure that has intrigued scientists and researchers for years. This bicyclic monoterpene is derived from pinene, which is a major component of turpentine obtained from the resin of pine trees. Its unique structure and properties make it a valuable substance in various industries, ranging from perfumery to pharmaceuticals.Get more news about cis pinane,you can vist our website!

Chemical Structure and Properties
Cis-pinane has the molecular formula C10H16 and is characterized by its two fused cyclohexane rings. This gives it a rigid structure that contributes to its distinctive chemical behavior. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature, with a characteristic pine-like aroma, which makes it useful in fragrance applications.

Industrial Applications
One of the primary uses of cis-pinane is in the fragrance industry. Due to its pleasant scent, it is often used as an intermediate in the synthesis of perfumes and other scented products. Its stability and aroma make it an ideal candidate for use in high-quality fragrances.

In the pharmaceutical industry, cis-pinane is valued for its potential therapeutic properties. Researchers are exploring its use as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. Its natural origin and relatively low toxicity make it a promising candidate for developing new medicinal compounds.

Environmental Impact
As cis-pinane is derived from renewable resources, primarily pine trees, its use aligns with sustainable practices. The extraction and use of natural terpenes, like cis-pinane, contribute to reducing the reliance on synthetic chemicals, which can have more significant environmental footprints.

Future Prospects
The ongoing research into cis-pinane's properties and potential applications promises exciting developments. Scientists are looking into its use in green chemistry, where it could serve as a building block for more environmentally friendly chemical processes. As the demand for sustainable and natural products continues to grow, cis-pinane's role in various industries is likely to expand.

In conclusion, cis-pinane is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications in industries like perfumery and pharmaceuticals. Its natural origin and unique chemical properties make it a valuable resource for sustainable and innovative solutions.

. Known for its versatile applications in various fields, this organic peroxide is extensively used in polymer chemistry, organic synthesis, and as an industrial catalyst.Get more news about paramenthane hydroperoxide,you can vist our website!

Chemical Structure and Properties

Paramenthane hydroperoxide, often abbreviated as PMHP, is derived from p-menthane, a terpene hydrocarbon. Its structure consists of a menthane backbone with a hydroperoxide functional group, which imparts its unique properties. PMHP is a colorless, viscous liquid at room temperature, known for its stability compared to other peroxides, making it a preferred choice in many chemical processes.

Applications in Polymer Chemistry

In polymer chemistry, PMHP serves as a radical initiator. It decomposes under heat to form free radicals, which are essential for initiating polymerization reactions. This property is particularly valuable in the production of various plastics and synthetic rubbers. PMHP ensures a controlled reaction, leading to polymers with desirable molecular weights and properties.

Role in Organic Synthesis

PMHP is also a crucial reagent in organic synthesis. It participates in oxidation reactions, where it can transform hydrocarbons into alcohols, ketones, or aldehydes. This capability is widely exploited in the synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. For instance, PMHP is used in the preparation of menthol, a compound with significant commercial value due to its application in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

Industrial Catalysis

In the industrial sector, PMHP is employed as a catalyst in various chemical processes. Its ability to generate free radicals makes it an effective catalyst for oxidation reactions. Industries utilize PMHP to improve reaction rates and yields, thereby enhancing overall process efficiency.

Safety and Handling

Despite its beneficial properties, PMHP is a peroxide and must be handled with care. It is classified as a hazardous material, requiring proper storage and handling procedures to prevent decomposition or accidental release. Appropriate safety measures include storage in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances and using protective equipment during handling.

Conclusion

Paramenthane hydroperoxide plays a vital role in modern chemistry, with applications spanning polymer chemistry, organic synthesis, and industrial catalysis. Its stability and effectiveness as a radical initiator and oxidizing agent make it an indispensable compound in various chemical processes. However, due to its hazardous nature, it is essential to follow stringent safety protocols to ensure safe handling and usage.